Carbohydrate family 9 binding domain-like. CBM9_1 is a C-terminal domain on bacterial xylanase proteins, and it is tandemly repeated in a number of family-members. The CBM9 module binds to amorphous and crystalline cellulose and a range of soluble di- and monosaccharides as well as to cello- and xylo- oligomers of different degrees of polymerization. Comparison of the glucose and cellobiose complexes during crystallisation reveals surprising differences in binding of these two substrates by CBM9-2. Cellobiose was found to bind in a distinct orientation from glucose, while still maintaining optimal stacking and electrostatic interactions with the reducing end sugar.
DOMON-like type 9 carbohydrate binding module. Family 9 carbohydrate-binding modules (CBM9) play a role in the microbial degradation of cellulose and hemicellulose (materials found in plants). The domain has previously been called cellulose-binding domain. The polysaccharide binding sites of CBMs with available 3D structure have been found to be either flat surfaces with interactions formed by predominantly aromatic residues (tryptophan and tyrosine), or extended shallow grooves. CBM9 domains found in this uncharacterized heterogeneous subfamily are often located at the C-terminus of longer proteins and may co-occur with various other domains.
Secretion system C-terminal sorting domain. Species that include Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Flavobacterium johnsoniae, Cytophaga hutchinsonii, Gramella forsetii, Prevotella intermedia, and Salinibacter ruber have on average twenty or more copies of this C-terminal domain, associated with sorting to the outer membrane and covalent modification. This domain targets proteins to type IX secretion systems and is secreted then cleaved off by a C-terminal signal peptidease. Based on similarity to other families it is likely that this domain adopts an immunoglobulin like fold.
Por secretion system C-terminal sorting domain. Species that include Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fibrobacter succinogenes, Flavobacterium johnsoniae, Cytophaga hutchinsonii, Gramella forsetii, Prevotella intermedia, and Salinibacter ruber average twenty or more copies of a C-terminal domain, represented by this model, associated with sorting to the outer membrane and covalent modification.
Domon-like ligand-binding domains. DOMON-like domains can be found in all three kindgoms of life and are a diverse group of ligand binding domains that have been shown to interact with sugars and hemes. DOMON domains were initially thought to confer protein-protein interactions. They were subsequently found as a heme-binding motif in cellobiose dehydrogenase, an extracellular fungal oxidoreductase that degrades both lignin and cellulose, and in ethylbenzene dehydrogenase, an enzyme that aids in the anaerobic degradation of hydrocarbons. The domain interacts with sugars in the type 9 carbohydrate binding modules (CBM9), which are present in a variety of glycosyl hydrolases, and it can also be found at the N-terminus of sensor histidine kinases.