Bacterial alpha-L-rhamnosidase 6 hairpin glycosidase domain. This family consists of bacterial rhamnosidase A and B enzymes. L-Rhamnose is abundant in biomass as a common constituent of glycolipids and glycosides, such as plant pigments, pectic polysaccharides, gums or biosurfactants. Some rhamnosides are important bioactive compounds. For example, terpenyl glycosides, the glycosidic precursor of aromatic terpenoids, act as important flavouring substances in grapes. Other rhamnosides act as cytotoxic rhamnosylated terpenoids, as signal substances in plants or play a role in the antigenicity of pathogenic bacteria.
Amylo-alpha-1,6-glucosidase. This family includes human glycogen branching enzyme AGL. This enzyme contains a number of distinct catalytic activities. It has been shown for the yeast homolog GDB1 that mutations in this region disrupt the enzymes Amylo-alpha-1,6-glucosidase (EC:3.2.1.33).
Carbohydrate Binding Module 35 (CBM35) domains similar to Lmo2446. This family includes carbohydrate binding module 35 (CBM35) domains that are appended to several carbohydrate binding enzymes. Some CBM35 domains belonging to this family are appended to glycoside hydrolase (GH) family domains, including glycoside hydrolase family 31 (GH31), for example the CBM35 domain of Lmo2446, an uncharacterized protein from Listeria monocytogenes EGD-e. These CBM35s are non-catalytic carbohydrate binding domains that facilitate the strong binding of the GH catalytic modules with their dedicated, insoluble substrates. GH31 has a wide range of hydrolytic activities such as alpha-glucosidase, alpha-xylosidase, 6-alpha-glucosyltransferase, or alpha-1,4-glucan lyase, cleaving a terminal carbohydrate moiety from a substrate that may be a starch or a glycoprotein. Most characterized GH31 enzymes are alpha-glucosidases.
oligosaccharide amylase. The name of this type of amylase is based on the characterization of an glucoamylase family enzyme from Thermoactinomyces vulgaris. The T. vulgaris enzyme was expressed in E. coli and, like other glucoamylases, it releases beta-D-glucose from starch. However, unlike previously characterized glucoamylases, this T. vulgaris amylase hydrolyzes maltooligosaccharides (maltotetraose, maltose) more efficiently than starch (1), indicating this enzyme belongs to a class of glucoamylase-type enzymes with oligosaccharide-metabolizing activity.