| APIS001 |
Apyc1 |
pyrimidine cyclase system for antiphage resistance (Pycsar) |
CLAN030 |
Bsp38 of Bacillus subtilis |
PMID:35395152 |
SBSphiJ Apyc1 efficiently hydrolyses a wide range of cyclic mononucleotides; 273 Acb1 and 107 Apyc1 phage proteins were identified. |
| APIS005 |
Gad1 |
Gabija |
CLAN001 |
phi3T of B. subtilis |
Yirmiya et al., 2023 Antine et al., 2023 |
Gad1 forms an octameric web that encases the GajAB complex and inhibits DNA recognition and cleavage. |
| APIS008 |
Gad2 |
Gabija |
CLAN002 |
SPbetaL7 of B. subtilis |
Yirmiya et al., 2023 |
Alphafold2 predicted that Gad2 is an enzyme with a nucleotidyltransferase protein domain, suggesting that it inhibits Gabija via a mechanism of action different than Gad1. |
| APIS024 |
Tad1 |
Thoeris |
CLAN031 |
SBSphiJ7 of B. subtilis |
PMID:36174646 |
Tad1 proteins are not an enzymes, but are 'sponges' that bind and sequester the immune signaling molecule (cyclic ADP-ribose or gcADPR) produced by TIR-domain proteins, thus decoupling phage sensing from immune effector activation and rendering Thoeris inactive. |
| APIS025 |
Had1 |
Hachiman |
CLAN037 |
SBSphiJ4 of B. subtilis |
Yirmiya et al., 2023 |
Had1 (Hachiman anti-defense 1) is a Hachiman-inhibiting family of phage proteins. The mechanism of Hachiman defense is unknown. |
| APIS027 |
DSAD1 |
defence-associated sirtuin (DSR) |
CLAN038 |
SPbeta phages of B. subtilis |
PMID:36192536 |
DSAD1 is a phage anti-DSR2 protein that binds and inhibits Defence-associated sirtuins (DSR2). In bacteria, N-terminal sirtuin (SIR2) domains within DSR2 were shown to participate in defence systems including prokaryotic argonautes (pAgo), Thoeris, AVAST, defence-associated sirtuin (DSR), etc. |
| APIS029 |
Tad2 |
Thoeris |
CLAN031 |
Bacillus phage SPO1 |
Yirmiya et al., 2023 |
Tad2 is a "sponge" that sequesters the immune signaling molecules produced by Thoeris TIR-domain proteins in response to phage. |
| APIS041 |
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CLAN030 |
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| APIS044 |
|
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CLAN030 |
Bacillus phage W.Ph. |
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