| APIS011 |
gp4.5 |
toxin-antitoxin (TA) |
CLAN010 |
T7 of E. coli |
PMID:23478446 |
Protein gp4.5 allows T7 to block Lon (protease) from degrading antitoxins (the SanTA system in E. coli), including SanaA, thereby preventing liberation of SanaT. However, beyond a possible interaction between gp4.5 and Lon in uninfected cells, this speculative model remains untested. |
| APIS012 |
tifA |
toxin-antitoxin (TA) |
CLAN011 |
T4 of E. coli |
PMID:35924892 |
Original gene 61.4, experimentally evolved T4 phage to overcome a phage-defensive toxin-antitoxin system (toxIN) in E. coli. Through recombination, T4 rapidly acquires segmental amplifications of a previously uncharacterized gene, now named tifA, encoding an inhibitor of the toxin, ToxN. |
| APIS013 |
Dmd |
toxin-antitoxin (TA) |
CLAN012 |
T4 of E. coli |
PMID:22403819 |
T4 produces Dmd, an antitoxin that inhibits E. coli RnlA and LsoA toxins. Dmd differs from the RnlB or LsoB antitoxins, suggesting it evolved independently, which is highlighted by its different toxin neutralization mechanism. |
| APIS014 |
PinA |
toxin-antitoxin (TA) |
CLAN013 |
T4 of E. coli |
PMID:9417110 |
PinA encoded by T4 was discovered 20 years ago, it could help T4 block TA defense systems that require Lon, but in vivo function for pinA has not been reported. |
| APIS017 |
Alt |
toxin-antitoxin (TA) |
CLAN016 |
T4 of E. coli |
PMID:26395283 |
T4 protein Alt (an ADP-ribosyltransferase) is injected with phage DNA, which chemically modifies the MazF toxin. ADP-ribosylated MazF has reduced cleavage activity, enabling the survival of the phage. |
| APIS022 |
adfA |
toxin-antitoxin (TA) |
CLAN021 |
RB69 of E. coli |
PMID:35725776 |
Gene adfA(gp61.2) is encoded as a DarT (TA system) inhibitor. |
| APIS078 |
|
|
CLAN010 |
Morganella phage vB_MmoP_MP2 |
|
|
| APIS080 |
|
|
CLAN010 |
Klebsiella phage VLCpiA3d |
|
|
| APIS084 |
|
|
CLAN010 |
Pectobacterium phage phiPccP-1 |
|
|
| APIS086 |
|
|
CLAN011 |
Escherichia phage vB_EcoM_CE1 |
|
|
| APIS117 |
mga47 |
toxin-antitoxin (TA) |
CLAN050 |
Escherichia phage SECphi18 |
PMID:35725776 |
DNA polymerase |
| APIS125 |
U56 |
toxin-antitoxin (TA) |
CLAN052 |
Escherichia phage Ukendt |
PMID:38788717 |
Retron-Eco1 inhibitor |
| APIS167 |
|
|
CLAN052 |
|
|
|
| APIS195 |
AdfN |
toxin-antitoxin (TA) |
CLAN065 |
Escherichia phage T4 |
PMID:39026772 |
Anti-DarT factor NADAR (AdfN), removes ADP-ribose modifications from phage DNA during infection thereby enabling replication in DarTG1-containing bacteria. AdfN, like DarG1, is in the NADAR superfamily of ADP-ribosylglycohydrolases. |
| ADG.17 |
ADG.17 |
toxin-antitoxin (TA) |
CLAN067 |
Sulfolobus monocaudavirus SMV1 |
PMID:38698035 |
ADG.17 and its homologs in archaea viruses act as antitoxins to inhibit host toxin Doc. It's the first example of an inhibitor of an archaeal toxin-antitoxin immune system. |
