| PULID | Characterization Method(s) | Substrate | Organism | Publication | Publish Date | Type | Num Genes | Num CAZymes | CazyFamily |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| PUL0002 | enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot | lichenan | Bacillus subtilis | 8606172 LicT, a Bacillus subtilis transcriptional antiterminator protein of the BglG family. J Bacteriol. 1996 Apr;178(7):1971-9. doi: 10.1128/jb.178.7.1971-1979.1996. |
1996 Apr | degradation | 2 | 1 | GH16 |
| PUL0003 | RT-PCR | xylan | Bacillus subtilis | 26559526 Metabolic potential of Bacillus subtilis 168 for the direct conversion of xylans to fermentation products. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Feb;100(3):1501-1510. doi: 10.1007/s00253-015-7124-x. Epub 2015 Nov 12. |
2016 Feb | degradation | 2 | 2 | GH30, GH30_8, GH43_16, CBM6 |
| PUL0006 | enzyme activity assay | galactan | Geobacillus stearothermophilus | 24637762 Purification, crystallization and preliminary crystallographic analysis of Gan1D, a GH1 6-phospho-beta-galactosidase from Geobacillus stearothermophilus T1. Acta Crystallogr F Struct Biol Commun. 2014 Feb;70(Pt 2):225-31. doi: 10.1107/S2053230X13034778. Epub 2014 Jan 21. |
2014 Feb | degradation | 11 | 2 | GH1 |
| PUL0009 | enzyme activity assay, immunoblotting, ATPase assay | glycosaminoglycan | Streptobacillus moniliformis | 28432302 A bacterial ABC transporter enables import of mammalian host glycosaminoglycans. Sci Rep. 2017 Apr 21;7(1):1069. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-00917-y. |
2017 Apr 21 | degradation | 15 | 4 | PL8, PL8, GH88 |
| PUL0010 | enzyme activity assay, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry | xylan | Geobacillus thermodenitrificans | 28616644 Synergistic hydrolysis of xylan using novel xylanases, beta-xylosidases, and an alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NG80-2. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Aug;101(15):6023-6037. doi: 10.1007/s00253-017-8341-2. Epub 2017 Jun 14. |
2017 Aug | degradation | 42 | 9 | GH43, GH43_11, GH10, GH39, GH67, GH10, CBM22, GH52, CE4, GH51 |
| PUL0013 | Northern Blot, RT-PCR, isothermal titration calorimetry, electrophoretic mobility shift assay | arabinan | Geobacillus stearothermophilus | 21460081 The L-Arabinan utilization system of Geobacillus stearothermophilus. J Bacteriol. 2011 Jun;193(11):2838-50. doi: 10.1128/JB.00222-11. Epub 2011 Apr 1. |
2011 Jun | degradation | 56 | 11 | GH43_5, GH43, GH43, GH43_4, GH51, GH51, GH127, CE4, GH52, GH10, GH67, GH39, GH43_11 |
| PUL0014 | sequence homology analysis, growth assay | pectin | Geobacillus thermodenitrificans | 28900693 Complete Genome Sequence of Geobacillus thermodenitrificans T12, A Potential Host for Biotechnological Applications. Curr Microbiol. 2018 Jan;75(1):49-56. doi: 10.1007/s00284-017-1349-0. Epub 2017 Sep 12. |
2018 Jan | degradation | 9 | 2 | PL1_6, PL1, GH105 |
| PUL0019 | enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot | lichenan, cellobiose, beta-glucoside | Bacillus subtilis | 8990303 Identification and characterization of a new beta-glucoside utilization system in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 1997 Jan;179(2):496-506. doi: 10.1128/jb.179.2.496-506.1997. |
1997 Jan | degradation | 6 | 1 | GH4 |
| PUL0020 | rapid plate method growth assay, adhesion assay | glycosaminoglycan | Lactobacillus rhamnosus | 30006634 Probiotics in human gut microbiota can degrade host glycosaminoglycans. Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 13;8(1):10674. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28886-w. |
2018 Jul 13 | degradation | 16 | 3 | PL12_1, PL12, GH88, PL8 |
| PUL0021 | rapid plate method growth assay, adhesion assay | glycosaminoglycan | Lactobacillus casei | 30006634 Probiotics in human gut microbiota can degrade host glycosaminoglycans. Sci Rep. 2018 Jul 13;8(1):10674. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-28886-w. |
2018 Jul 13 | degradation | 16 | 2 | PL12, PL12_1, GH88 |
| PUL0022 | RT-PCR, gene deletion mutant and growth assay, enzyme activity assay | cellobiose | Bacillus coagulans | 30519284 Simultaneous consumption of cellobiose and xylose by Bacillus coagulans to circumvent glucose repression and identification of its cellobiose-assimilating operons. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2018 Dec 1;11:320. doi: 10.1186/s13068-018-1323-5. eCollection 2018. |
2018 | degradation | 6 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0023 | RT-PCR, gene deletion mutant and growth assay, enzyme activity assay | cellobiose | Bacillus coagulans | 30519284 Simultaneous consumption of cellobiose and xylose by Bacillus coagulans to circumvent glucose repression and identification of its cellobiose-assimilating operons. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2018 Dec 1;11:320. doi: 10.1186/s13068-018-1323-5. eCollection 2018. |
2018 | degradation | 5 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0030 | isothermal calorimetric titration, gene deletion mutant and growth assay, enzyme activity assay | galactomannan | Bacillus sp. N16-5 | 26978267, 30351049 A Novel Manno-Oligosaccharide Binding Protein Identified in Alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. N16-5 Is Involved in Mannan Utilization. Galactomannan Degrading Enzymes from the Mannan Utilization Gene Cluster of Alkaliphilic Bacillus sp. N16-5 and Their Synergy on Galactomannan Degradation. PLoS One. 2016 Mar 15;11(3):e0150059. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0150059. eCollection 2016. J Agric Food Chem. 2018 Oct 24;66(42):11055-11063. doi: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b03878. Epub 2018 Oct 15. |
2016,2018 Oct 24 | degradation | 12 | 7 | GH130, GH130, GH27, CE7 |
| PUL0058 | enzyme activity assay | glycogen | Bacillus subtilis | 8145641 Glycogen in Bacillus subtilis: molecular characterization of an operon encoding enzymes involved in glycogen biosynthesis and degradation. Mol Microbiol. 1994 Jan;11(1):203-18. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.1994.tb00301.x. |
1994 Jan | biosynthesis | 5 | 3 | GH13, CBM48, GH13_9, GT5, GT35 |
| PUL0082 | electrophoretic mobility shift assay, enzyme activity assay | melibiose, raffinose-oligosaccharide, stachyose | Bacillus subtilis | 31138628 The melREDCA Operon Encodes a Utilization System for the Raffinose Family of Oligosaccharides in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 2019 Jul 10;201(15):e00109-19. doi: 10.1128/JB.00109-19. Print 2019 Aug 1. |
2019 Aug 1 | degradation | 6 | 2 | GH4 |
| PUL0133 | sequence homology analysis | exopolysaccharide | Lactobacillus acidophilus | 15671160 Complete genome sequence of the probiotic lactic acid bacterium Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2005 Mar 15;102(11):3906-12. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0409188102. Epub 2005 Jan 25. |
2005 Mar 15 | biosynthesis | 14 | 3 | GT2, GT2 |
| PUL0153 | RNA-Seq | lactose | Lactobacillus rhamnosus | 30332787 Prebiotics for Lactose Intolerance: Variability in Galacto-Oligosaccharide Utilization by Intestinal Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Nutrients. 2018 Oct 16;10(10):1517. doi: 10.3390/nu10101517. |
2018 Oct 16 | degradation | 3 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0154 | RNA-Seq, differential gene expression | lactose | Lactobacillus rhamnosus | 30332787 Prebiotics for Lactose Intolerance: Variability in Galacto-Oligosaccharide Utilization by Intestinal Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Nutrients. 2018 Oct 16;10(10):1517. doi: 10.3390/nu10101517. |
2018 Oct 16 | degradation | 3 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0156 | RNA-Seq, differential gene expression | lactose | Lactobacillus rhamnosus | 30332787 Prebiotics for Lactose Intolerance: Variability in Galacto-Oligosaccharide Utilization by Intestinal Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Nutrients. 2018 Oct 16;10(10):1517. doi: 10.3390/nu10101517. |
2018 Oct 16 | degradation | 2 | 2 | GH2 |
| PUL0157 | RNA-Seq, differential gene expression | lactose | Lactobacillus rhamnosus | 30332787 Prebiotics for Lactose Intolerance: Variability in Galacto-Oligosaccharide Utilization by Intestinal Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Nutrients. 2018 Oct 16;10(10):1517. doi: 10.3390/nu10101517. |
2018 Oct 16 | degradation | 4 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0158 | RNA-Seq, differential gene expression | lactose | Lactobacillus rhamnosus | 30332787 Prebiotics for Lactose Intolerance: Variability in Galacto-Oligosaccharide Utilization by Intestinal Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Nutrients. 2018 Oct 16;10(10):1517. doi: 10.3390/nu10101517. |
2018 Oct 16 | degradation | 4 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0159 | RNA-Seq, differential gene expression | lactose | Lactobacillus rhamnosus | 30332787 Prebiotics for Lactose Intolerance: Variability in Galacto-Oligosaccharide Utilization by Intestinal Lactobacillus rhamnosus. Nutrients. 2018 Oct 16;10(10):1517. doi: 10.3390/nu10101517. |
2018 Oct 16 | degradation | 2 | 2 | GH2 |
| PUL0187 | qRT-PCR, enzyme activity assay | beta-glucan | Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2 | 26746717 A 1,3-1,4-beta-Glucan Utilization Regulon in Paenibacillus sp. Strain JDR-2. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2016 Jan 8;82(6):1789-1798. doi: 10.1128/AEM.03526-15. |
2016 Jan 8 | degradation | 7 | 2 | CBM4, CBM54, CBM6, GH16, GH16 |
| PUL0196 | enzyme activity assay | lacto-n-triose | Lactobacillus casei | 26546429 The Extracellular Wall-Bound beta-N-Acetylglucosaminidase from Lactobacillus casei Is Involved in the Metabolism of the Human Milk Oligosaccharide Lacto-N-Triose. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 Nov 6;82(2):570-7. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02888-15. Print 2016 Jan 15. |
2016 Jan 15 | degradation | 10 | 2 | GH20, CE9 |
| PUL0219 | sugar utilization assay, enzyme activity assay | fructooligosaccharide, fructan | Lactobacillus paracasei | 17644636 Functional analysis of the fructooligosaccharide utilization operon in Lactobacillus paracasei 1195. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Sep;73(18):5716-24. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00805-07. Epub 2007 Jul 20. |
2007 Sep | degradation | 7 | 1 | GH32 |
| PUL0229 | RT-PCR | aldouronate | Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2 | 17921311 Structure, function, and regulation of the aldouronate utilization gene cluster from Paenibacillus sp. strain JDR-2. J Bacteriol. 2007 Dec;189(24):8863-70. doi: 10.1128/JB.01141-07. Epub 2007 Oct 5. |
2007 Dec | degradation | 8 | 3 | GH67, CBM22, GH10, GH43_12, GH43 |
| PUL0230 | RT-PCR, enzyme activity assay, clone, enzyme kinetic analysis, thin layer chromatography, crystallization | maltooligosaccharide | Lactobacillus acidophilus | 22685275, 32444471 Enzymology and structure of the GH13_31 glucan 1,6-alpha-glucosidase that confers isomaltooligosaccharide utilization in the probiotic Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM. An 1,4-alpha-Glucosyltransferase Defines a New Maltodextrin Catabolism Scheme in Lactobacillus acidophilus. J Bacteriol. 2012 Aug;194(16):4249-59. doi: 10.1128/JB.00622-12. Epub 2012 Jun 8. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2020 Jul 20;86(15):e00661-20. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00661-20. Print 2020 Jul 20. |
2012 Aug,2020 Jul 20 | degradation | 12 | 4 | GH65, CBM34, GH13, GH13_20 |
| PUL0238 | Northern Blot | glucomannan | Bacillus subtilis | 18177310 Glucomannan utilization operon of Bacillus subtilis. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 2008 Feb;279(1):103-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.2007.01018.x. |
2008 Feb | degradation | 8 | 1 | GH26 |
| PUL0249 | microarray | rhamnogalacturonan | Bacillus subtilis | 17449691 Plant cell wall degradation by saprophytic Bacillus subtilis strains: gene clusters responsible for rhamnogalacturonan depolymerization. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Jun;73(12):3803-13. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00147-07. Epub 2007 Apr 20. |
2007 Jun | degradation | 12 | 6 | GH105, CE12, PL11_1, CE12, PL11, PL11_1, PL11, CE12, GH42 |
| PUL0267 | RT-qPCR | glycogen | Lactobacillus acidophilus | 23879596 A functional glycogen biosynthesis pathway in Lactobacillus acidophilus: expression and analysis of the glg operon. Mol Microbiol. 2013 Sep;89(6):1187-200. doi: 10.1111/mmi.12338. Epub 2013 Aug 16. |
2013 Sep | biosynthesis | 10 | 4 | GH13_9, CBM48, GH13, GT5, GT35, GH13_39, CBM34, GH13 |
| PUL0268 | Northern Blot, promoter assay | starch | Geobacillus kaustophilus | 23793634 Polysaccharide-degrading thermophiles generated by heterologous gene expression in Geobacillus kaustophilus HTA426. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2013 Sep;79(17):5151-8. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01506-13. Epub 2013 Jun 21. |
2013 Sep | degradation | 5 | 1 | GH13_1, GH13 |
| PUL0282 | enzyme activity assay | galactan | Geobacillus stearothermophilus | 23216604 Functional characterization of the galactan utilization system of Geobacillus stearothermophilus. FEBS J. 2013 Feb;280(3):950-64. doi: 10.1111/febs.12089. Epub 2013 Jan 7. |
2013 Feb | degradation | 7 | 2 | GH42 |
| PUL0323 | fitness contribution assay, insertion sequencing | galactan | Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis | 28617843 Characterization of the regulation of a plant polysaccharide utilization operon and its role in biofilm formation in Bacillus subtilis. PLoS One. 2017 Jun 15;12(6):e0179761. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0179761. eCollection 2017. |
2017 | degradation | 6 | 2 | CBM61, GH53, GH42 |
| PUL0395 | isothermal calorimetric titration, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, Northern Blot | arabinose, arabinan | Geobacillus stearothermophilus | 21460081 The L-Arabinan utilization system of Geobacillus stearothermophilus. J Bacteriol. 2011 Jun;193(11):2838-50. doi: 10.1128/JB.00222-11. Epub 2011 Apr 1. |
2011 Jun | degradation | 25 | 5 | GH43, GH43_5, GH43, GH43_4, CBM54, GH51, GH51, GH127 |
| PUL0399 | microarray | beta-galactooligosaccharide | Lactobacillus acidophilus | 22006318 Transcriptional and functional analysis of galactooligosaccharide uptake by lacS in Lactobacillus acidophilus. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2011 Oct 25;108(43):17785-90. doi: 10.1073/pnas.1114152108. Epub 2011 Oct 17. |
2011 Oct 25 | degradation | 12 | 2 | GH42, GH2 |
| PUL0407 | primer extension analysis, enzyme activity assay | lactose | Lactobacillus casei | 9066115 Establishing a model to study the regulation of the lactose operon in Lactobacillus casei. FEMS Microbiol Lett. 1997 Mar 1;148(1):83-9. doi: 10.1111/j.1574-6968.1997.tb10271.x. |
1997 Mar 1 | degradation | 4 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0457 | high performance anion exchange chromatography, enzyme activity assay, RNA-Seq | xylooligosaccharide | Lactobacillus rossiae | 27142164 Cloning, expression and characterization of a beta-D-xylosidase from Lactobacillus rossiae DSM 15814(T). Microb Cell Fact. 2016 May 3;15:72. doi: 10.1186/s12934-016-0473-z. |
2016 May 3 | degradation | 7 | 1 | GH43_11, GH43 |
| PUL0466 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot | arabinan | Bacillus subtilis | 14973026 Transcriptional regulation of genes encoding arabinan-degrading enzymes in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 2004 Mar;186(5):1287-96. doi: 10.1128/JB.186.5.1287-1296.2004. |
2004 Mar | degradation | 9 | 1 | GH51 |
| PUL0542 | substrate binding assay | xylan | Geobacillus stearothermophilus | 10368143 The glucuronic acid utilization gene cluster from Bacillus stearothermophilus T-6. J Bacteriol. 1999 Jun;181(12):3695-704. doi: 10.1128/JB.181.12.3695-3704.1999. |
1999 Jun | degradation | 30 | 6 | CE4, GH52, GH10, GH67, GH39, GH43_11 |
| PUL0561 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay | alpha-galactoside | Lactobacillus plantarum | 12406739 Characterization of the melA locus for alpha-galactosidase in Lactobacillus plantarum. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2002 Nov;68(11):5464-71. doi: 10.1128/AEM.68.11.5464-5471.2002. |
2002 Nov | degradation | 5 | 2 | GH36, GH2 |
| PUL0569 | clone and expression, enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot | levan | Bacillus subtilis | 11739774 yveB, Encoding endolevanase LevB, is part of the sacB-yveB-yveA levansucrase tricistronic operon in Bacillus subtilis. Microbiology (Reading). 2001 Dec;147(Pt 12):3413-9. doi: 10.1099/00221287-147-12-3413. |
2001 Dec | degradation | 3 | 1 | GH68, GH32 |
| PUL0583 | enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay | cellobiose | Geobacillus stearothermophilus | 8407820 Cloning and sequencing of a cellobiose phosphotransferase system operon from Bacillus stearothermophilus XL-65-6 and functional expression in Escherichia coli. J Bacteriol. 1993 Oct;175(20):6441-50. doi: 10.1128/jb.175.20.6441-6450.1993. |
1993 Oct | degradation | 5 | 1 | CE0 |
| PUL0591 | growth assay, Northern Blot | N-acetylglucosamine | Bacillus subtilis | 23667565 The use of amino sugars by Bacillus subtilis: presence of a unique operon for the catabolism of glucosamine. PLoS One. 2013 May 8;8(5):e63025. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0063025. Print 2013. |
2013 | degradation | 4 | 1 | CE9 |
| PUL0592 | qRT-PCR | methylglucuronoarabinoxylan | Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2 | 25063665 GH51 arabinofuranosidase and its role in the methylglucuronoarabinoxylan utilization system in Paenibacillus sp. strain JDR-2. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 Oct;80(19):6114-25. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01684-14. Epub 2014 Jul 25. |
2014 Oct | degradation | 8 | 3 | GH67, GH10, GH43_12 |
| PUL0594 | qRT-PCR | methylglucuronoarabinoxylan | Paenibacillus sp. JDR-2 | 25063665 GH51 arabinofuranosidase and its role in the methylglucuronoarabinoxylan utilization system in Paenibacillus sp. strain JDR-2. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2014 Oct;80(19):6114-25. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01684-14. Epub 2014 Jul 25. |
2014 Oct | degradation | 4 | 1 | GH51 |
| PUL0602 | sequence homology analysis | xylan | Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius | 26442136 Complete genome sequence of Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius C56-YS93, a novel biomass degrader isolated from obsidian hot spring in Yellowstone National Park. Stand Genomic Sci. 2015 Oct 5;10:73. doi: 10.1186/s40793-015-0031-z. eCollection 2015. |
2015 | degradation | 26 | 6 | CBM22, GH10, GH39, GH67, GH10, GH52, CE4 |
| PUL0603 | microarray, qRT-PCR, culureing methods | galactomannooligosaccharide | Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 | 31703861 Transcriptional analysis of galactomannooligosaccharides utilization by Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1. Food Microbiol. 2020 Apr;86:103336. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.103336. Epub 2019 Sep 14. |
2020 Apr | degradation | 3 | 1 | GH1 |
| PUL0604 | microarray, qRT-PCR, culureing methods | galactomannooligosaccharide | Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1 | 31703861 Transcriptional analysis of galactomannooligosaccharides utilization by Lactobacillus plantarum WCFS1. Food Microbiol. 2020 Apr;86:103336. doi: 10.1016/j.fm.2019.103336. Epub 2019 Sep 14. |
2020 Apr | degradation | 6 | 2 | GH32, GH13_31, GH13 |
| PUL0626 | high performance anion exchange chromatography | arabinan | Lactobacillus crispatus DSM29598 | 33119797 Characterization of two extracellular arabinanases in Lactobacillus crispatus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2020 Dec;104(23):10091-10103. doi: 10.1007/s00253-020-10979-0. Epub 2020 Oct 29. |
2020 Dec | degradation | 24 | 8 | GH43, CBM54, GH43_4, GH2, GH43, GH43_4, GH127, GH51, GH43, CBM42, GH43_26, GH51, GH27, CBM51 |
| PUL0656 | gene deletion mutant and growth assay, complementation study, clone and expression, isothermal titration calorimetry | exopolysaccharide | Bacillus cereus ATCC 10987 | 32236137 Discovery and characterization of a Gram-positive Pel polysaccharide biosynthetic gene cluster. PLoS Pathog. 2020 Apr 1;16(4):e1008281. doi: 10.1371/journal.ppat.1008281. eCollection 2020 Apr. |
2020 Apr | biosynthesis | 6 | 2 | GH0, GH166, GT4 |
| PUL0657 | recombinant protein expression, NMR | levoglucosan | Bacillus smithii S-2701M | 33208778 Conversion of levoglucosan into glucose by the coordination of four enzymes through oxidation, elimination, hydration, and reduction. Sci Rep. 2020 Nov 18;10(1):20066. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-77133-8. |
2020 Nov 18 | degradation | 8 | 2 | GH109, GH109 |
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