Browse dbCAN-PUL Entries

PULID Characterization Method(s) Substrate Organism Publication Publish Date Type Num Genes Num CAZymes CazyFamily
PUL0003 RT-PCR xylan Bacillus subtilis 26559526
Metabolic potential of Bacillus subtilis 168 for the direct conversion of xylans to fermentation products. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2016 Feb;100(3):1501-1510. doi: 10.1007/s00253-015-7124-x. Epub 2015 Nov 12.
2016 Feb degradation 2 2 GH30, GH30_8, GH43_16, CBM6
PUL0010 enzyme activity assay, liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry xylan Geobacillus thermodenitrificans 28616644
Synergistic hydrolysis of xylan using novel xylanases, beta-xylosidases, and an alpha-L-arabinofuranosidase from Geobacillus thermodenitrificans NG80-2. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2017 Aug;101(15):6023-6037. doi: 10.1007/s00253-017-8341-2. Epub 2017 Jun 14.
2017 Aug degradation 42 9 GH43, GH43_11, GH10, GH39, GH67, GH10, CBM22, GH52, CE4, GH51
PUL0013 Northern Blot, RT-PCR, isothermal titration calorimetry, electrophoretic mobility shift assay arabinan Geobacillus stearothermophilus 21460081
The L-Arabinan utilization system of Geobacillus stearothermophilus. J Bacteriol. 2011 Jun;193(11):2838-50. doi: 10.1128/JB.00222-11. Epub 2011 Apr 1.
2011 Jun degradation 56 11 GH43_5, GH43, GH43, GH43_4, GH51, GH51, GH127, CE4, GH52, GH10, GH67, GH39, GH43_11
PUL0014 sequence homology analysis, growth assay pectin Geobacillus thermodenitrificans 28900693
Complete Genome Sequence of Geobacillus thermodenitrificans T12, A Potential Host for Biotechnological Applications. Curr Microbiol. 2018 Jan;75(1):49-56. doi: 10.1007/s00284-017-1349-0. Epub 2017 Sep 12.
2018 Jan degradation 9 2 PL1_6, PL1, GH105
PUL0034 enzyme activity assay pectin Dickeya chrysanthemi 12730169
PaeX, a second pectin acetylesterase of Erwinia chrysanthemi 3937. J Bacteriol. 2003 May;185(10):3091-100. doi: 10.1128/JB.185.10.3091-3100.2003.
2003 May degradation 2 1 GH43_18, CE10
PUL0035 enzyme activity assay, Assay of oligogalacturonide uptake in E. coli pectin Dickeya chrysanthemi 11555291
Identification of TogMNAB, an ABC transporter which mediates the uptake of pectic oligomers in Erwinia chrysanthemi 3937. Mol Microbiol. 2001 Sep;41(5):1113-23. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2958.2001.02564.x.
2001 Sep degradation 5 1 PL2_2
PUL0078 enzyme activity assay xylan, xylose Caldicellulosiruptor sp. Rt8B.4 8920183
Cloning, sequencing and overexpression in Escherichia coli of a xylanase gene, xynA from the thermophilic bacterium Rt8B.4 genus Caldicellulosiruptor. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 1996 Mar;45(1-2):86-93. doi: 10.1007/s002530050653.
1996 Mar degradation 6 1 CBM22, GH10
PUL0134 sequence homology analysis pectin Gramella flava 30341080
Biochemical Reconstruction of a Metabolic Pathway from a Marine Bacterium Reveals Its Mechanism of Pectin Depolymerization. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2018 Dec 13;85(1):e02114-18. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02114-18. Print 2019 Jan 1.
2019 Jan 1 degradation 29 10 CE8, PL9_1, GH28, GH105, GH43_10, GH28, PL9_1, CE12, CE8, CE10, CE12, PL10_1
PUL0135 enzyme activity assay, substrate binding assay pectin Pseudoalteromonas sp. 30341080
Biochemical Reconstruction of a Metabolic Pathway from a Marine Bacterium Reveals Its Mechanism of Pectin Depolymerization. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2018 Dec 13;85(1):e02114-18. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02114-18. Print 2019 Jan 1.
2019 Jan 1 degradation 21 8 CE12, CE4, GH28, GH105, GH105, GH43, GH43_10, CE8, PL1_2
PUL0136 sequence homology analysis pectin Pseudoalteromonas haloplanktis 30341080
Biochemical Reconstruction of a Metabolic Pathway from a Marine Bacterium Reveals Its Mechanism of Pectin Depolymerization. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2018 Dec 13;85(1):e02114-18. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02114-18. Print 2019 Jan 1.
2019 Jan 1 degradation 26 6 PL1, PL1_5, CE8, PL1, PL1_2, GH105, GH105, GH28
PUL0189 RNA-Seq, RT-PCR, qPCR pectin Bacteroides xylanisolvens 26920945
Unraveling the pectinolytic function of Bacteroides xylanisolvens using a RNA-seq approach and mutagenesis. BMC Genomics. 2016 Feb 27;17:147. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2472-1.
2016 Feb 27 degradation 17 7 GH95, GH140, CBM67, GH78, GH33, GH28, GH78, CBM67, GH43_18, GH43, PL1, CE8, PL1_2, GH92
PUL0190 RNA-Seq, RT-PCR, qPCR pectin Bacteroides xylanisolvens 26920945
Unraveling the pectinolytic function of Bacteroides xylanisolvens using a RNA-seq approach and mutagenesis. BMC Genomics. 2016 Feb 27;17:147. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2472-1.
2016 Feb 27 degradation 15 5 GH51, GH146, GH43, GH43_4, GH43_4, GH51, GH43_29
PUL0191 RNA-Seq, RT-PCR, qPCR pectin Bacteroides xylanisolvens 26920945
Unraveling the pectinolytic function of Bacteroides xylanisolvens using a RNA-seq approach and mutagenesis. BMC Genomics. 2016 Feb 27;17:147. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2472-1.
2016 Feb 27 degradation 11 5 GH105, CE8, CE8, CE12, CE4, PL1_2, PL1_2
PUL0192 RNA-Seq, RT-PCR, qPCR pectin Bacteroides xylanisolvens 26920945
Unraveling the pectinolytic function of Bacteroides xylanisolvens using a RNA-seq approach and mutagenesis. BMC Genomics. 2016 Feb 27;17:147. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2472-1.
2016 Feb 27 degradation 27 12 GH106, GH28, GH28, CE12, GH2, GH43_18, GH43_34, GH43, CBM32, GH42, GH28, PL11, PL11_1, PL26, CE12, GH105, PL11_1, GH105
PUL0193 RNA-Seq, RT-PCR, qPCR pectin Bacteroides xylanisolvens 26920945
Unraveling the pectinolytic function of Bacteroides xylanisolvens using a RNA-seq approach and mutagenesis. BMC Genomics. 2016 Feb 27;17:147. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2472-1.
2016 Feb 27 degradation 30 10 GH2, PL11_1, PL11, GH28, GH117, PL11_1, PL11, GH28, GH105, GH28
PUL0218 enzyme activity assay arabinose, arabinan termite gut metagenome 25304507
Investigating the function of an arabinan utilization locus isolated from a termite gut community. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2015 Jan;81(1):31-9. doi: 10.1128/AEM.02257-14. Epub 2014 Oct 10.
2015 Jan degradation 24 5 GH51, GH97, GH146, GH43_4, GH43, GH43_4, GH51, GH43_29
PUL0227 enzyme activity assay, substrate binding assay xylan Caldanaerobius polysaccharolyticus 22918832
Biochemical and structural insights into xylan utilization by the thermophilic bacterium Caldanaerobius polysaccharolyticus. J Biol Chem. 2012 Oct 12;287(42):34946-34960. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M112.391532. Epub 2012 Aug 22.
2012 Oct 12 degradation 12 1 GH67, GH3
PUL0228 qRT-PCR, enzyme activity assay, high performance anion exchange chromatography arabinan Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 22686399, 21339299
Prioritization of a plant polysaccharide over a mucus carbohydrate is enforced by a Bacteroides hybrid two-component system. The structure and function of an arabinan-specific alpha-1,2-arabinofuranosidase identified from screening the activities of bacterial GH43 glycoside hydrolases. Mol Microbiol. 2012 Aug;85(3):478-91. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2958.2012.08123.x. Epub 2012 Jul 5. J Biol Chem. 2011 Apr 29;286(17):15483-95. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.215962. Epub 2011 Feb 21.
2012 Aug,2011 Apr 29 degradation 10 4 GH43, GH43_4, GH43_4, GH51, GH43_29
PUL0249 microarray rhamnogalacturonan Bacillus subtilis 17449691
Plant cell wall degradation by saprophytic Bacillus subtilis strains: gene clusters responsible for rhamnogalacturonan depolymerization. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2007 Jun;73(12):3803-13. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00147-07. Epub 2007 Apr 20.
2007 Jun degradation 12 6 GH105, CE12, PL11_1, CE12, PL11, PL11_1, PL11, CE12, GH42
PUL0262 RNA-Seq xylan, arabinoxylan Bacteroides cellulosilyticus 23976882
Effects of diet on resource utilization by a model human gut microbiota containing Bacteroides cellulosilyticus WH2, a symbiont with an extensive glycobiome. PLoS Biol. 2013;11(8):e1001637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001637. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
2013 degradation 12 6 GH10, CBM4, GH10, GH5_21, GH5, CE1, CE0, CE6, GH95, GH8
PUL0263 RNA-Seq xylan, arabinoxylan Bacteroides cellulosilyticus 23976882, 30674645
Effects of diet on resource utilization by a model human gut microbiota containing Bacteroides cellulosilyticus WH2, a symbiont with an extensive glycobiome. Wood-Derived Dietary Fibers Promote Beneficial Human Gut Microbiota. PLoS Biol. 2013;11(8):e1001637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001637. Epub 2013 Aug 20. mSphere. 2019 Jan 23;4(1):e00554-18. doi: 10.1128/mSphere.00554-18.
2013,2019 Jan 23 degradation 5 1 GH10, CBM4, CBM22
PUL0289 enzyme activity assay xylan Flavobacterium johnsoniae 29588659
A novel acetyl xylan esterase enabling complete deacetylation of substituted xylans. Biotechnol Biofuels. 2018 Mar 22;11:74. doi: 10.1186/s13068-018-1074-3. eCollection 2018.
2018 degradation 12 7 GH97, GH3, CBM22, GH43_10, GH43, GH146, GH115, CE0, CE6, CE1, GH43_12
PUL0295 gene trait matching exercise arabinan Bifidobacterium longum 29310579
Gene-trait matching across the Bifidobacterium longum pan-genome reveals considerable diversity in carbohydrate catabolism among human infant strains. BMC Genomics. 2018 Jan 8;19(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s12864-017-4388-9.
2018 Jan 8 degradation 9 5 GH43_22, GH43_34, GH43, GH43_22, GH43_26, GH43, GH43_27, GH43, GH43_22, GH43, GH43_22
PUL0296 gene trait matching exercise arabinan Bifidobacterium longum 29310579
Gene-trait matching across the Bifidobacterium longum pan-genome reveals considerable diversity in carbohydrate catabolism among human infant strains. BMC Genomics. 2018 Jan 8;19(1):33. doi: 10.1186/s12864-017-4388-9.
2018 Jan 8 degradation 4 1 GH43, GH43_22
PUL0302 RT-qPCR, isothermal titration calorimetry, enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay arabinan Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 29255254
Dietary pectic glycans are degraded by coordinated enzyme pathways in human colonic Bacteroides. Nat Microbiol. 2018 Feb;3(2):210-219. doi: 10.1038/s41564-017-0079-1. Epub 2017 Dec 18.
2018 Feb degradation 22 6 GH51, GH146, GH43_4, GH43, GH43_4, GH51, GH43_29
PUL0309 enzyme activity assay, substrate binding assay, isothermal titration calorimetry arabinan Caldanaerobius polysaccharolyticus 28710263
Enzymatic Mechanism for Arabinan Degradation and Transport in the Thermophilic Bacterium Caldanaerobius polysaccharolyticus. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2017 Aug 31;83(18):e00794-17. doi: 10.1128/AEM.00794-17. Print 2017 Sep 15.
2017 Sep 15 degradation 12 6 GH43_4, GH43, GH127, GH51, GH27, GH51, GH146
PUL0328 microarray, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry xylan Gramella flava 28261179
Characterization of Potential Polysaccharide Utilization Systems in the Marine Bacteroidetes Gramella Flava JLT2011 Using a Multi-Omics Approach. Front Microbiol. 2017 Feb 14;8:220. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00220. eCollection 2017.
2017 degradation 10 4 GH127, CBM13, GH43, GH43_26, GH2, GH5, GH5_13
PUL0329 microarray, gas chromatography and mass spectrometry xylan Gramella flava 28261179
Characterization of Potential Polysaccharide Utilization Systems in the Marine Bacteroidetes Gramella Flava JLT2011 Using a Multi-Omics Approach. Front Microbiol. 2017 Feb 14;8:220. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00220. eCollection 2017.
2017 degradation 25 7 GH43_10, GH43, CBM22, GH43, GH43_12, GH43, GH43_1, GH3, GH67, GH10, GH115, CE15
PUL0330 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin layer chromatography pectin Gramella flava 28261179
Characterization of Potential Polysaccharide Utilization Systems in the Marine Bacteroidetes Gramella Flava JLT2011 Using a Multi-Omics Approach. Front Microbiol. 2017 Feb 14;8:220. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2017.00220. eCollection 2017.
2017 degradation 28 11 CE8, PL9_1, GH28, GH105, GH43_10, GH28, PL9_1, CE12, CE8, CE10, CE12, PL10_1
PUL0332 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin layer chromatography carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, beta-glucan, lichenan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 19 9 GH5, GH5_2, GH5_7, GH5, CE7, GH2, GH94, GH97, GH127, GH127
PUL0333 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin layer chromatography carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, beta-glucan, lichenan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 22 3 GH9, GH31, GH9
PUL0334 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin layer chromatography carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, beta-glucan, lichenan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 23 5 GH9, GH31, GH9, GH9, CE4
PUL0335 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin layer chromatography xylan, beta-glucan, lichenan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 31 4 GH13, GH97, GH3, GH158, GH16
PUL0336 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin layer chromatography xylan, beta-glucan, lichenan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 25 3 GH3, GH158, GH16
PUL0337 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin layer chromatography xylan, beta-glucan, lichenan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 29 3 GH16, GH158, GH3
PUL0338 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin layer chromatography xylan, beta-glucan, lichenan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 34 4 GH16, GH158, GH3, GH97
PUL0339 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin layer chromatography xylan, beta-glucan, lichenan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 24 4 GH97, GH3, GH16, GH20
PUL0340 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin layer chromatography carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, beta-glucan, lichenan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 37 1 GH5_2, GH5
PUL0341 fosmid library screen, enzyme activity assay, thin layer chromatography carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, beta-glucan, lichenan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 43 3 GH32, GH91, GH5, GH5_2
PUL0342 enzyme activity assay, gene deletion mutant and growth assay xylan Prevotella ruminicola 19304844
Biochemical analysis of a beta-D-xylosidase and a bifunctional xylanase-ferulic acid esterase from a xylanolytic gene cluster in Prevotella ruminicola 23. J Bacteriol. 2009 May;191(10):3328-38. doi: 10.1128/JB.01628-08. Epub 2009 Mar 20.
2009 May degradation 5 3 GH10, CE1, CBM22, GH95, GH3
PUL0343 gene deletion mutant and growth assay, enzyme activity assay, Western Blot, isothermal titration calorimetry carboxymethylcellulose, xylan, beta-glucan, lichenan uncultured bacterium 28091525
A fibrolytic potential in the human ileum mucosal microbiota revealed by functional metagenomic. Sci Rep. 2017 Jan 16;7:40248. doi: 10.1038/srep40248.
2017 Jan 16 degradation 39 1 GH5, GH5_2
PUL0345 qRT-PCR, enzyme activity assay xylan Bacteroides intestinalis 27681607
Bacteroides intestinalis DSM 17393, a member of the human colonic microbiome, upregulates multiple endoxylanases during growth on xylan. Sci Rep. 2016 Sep 29;6:34360. doi: 10.1038/srep34360.
2016 Sep 29 degradation 31 13 CBM4, GH10, GH35, GH43_12, GH43, GH10, GH43_1, GH43, GH67, GH8, CE6, GH95, CE0, CE1, GH5, GH5_21, GH10, CBM0, GH115
PUL0352 microarray arabinan, xylan, levan, pectin, rhamnogalacturonan Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 16968696
Functional genomic and metabolic studies of the adaptations of a prominent adult human gut symbiont, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, to the suckling period. J Biol Chem. 2006 Nov 24;281(47):36269-79. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M606509200. Epub 2006 Sep 12.
2006 Nov 24 degradation 6 1 GH20
PUL0353 microarray, enzyme activity assay, strcutural analysis, clone and expression arabinan, xylan, levan, pectin, rhamnogalacturonan Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 16968696, 32060313
Functional genomic and metabolic studies of the adaptations of a prominent adult human gut symbiont, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, to the suckling period. Structural basis of mammalian high-mannose N-glycan processing by human gut Bacteroides. J Biol Chem. 2006 Nov 24;281(47):36269-79. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M606509200. Epub 2006 Sep 12. Nat Commun. 2020 Feb 14;11(1):899. doi: 10.1038/s41467-020-14754-7.
2006 Nov 24,2020 Feb 14 degradation 11 3 GH0, GH92, GH92
PUL0357 microarray arabinan, xylan, levan, pectin, rhamnogalacturonan Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 16968696
Functional genomic and metabolic studies of the adaptations of a prominent adult human gut symbiont, Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron, to the suckling period. J Biol Chem. 2006 Nov 24;281(47):36269-79. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M606509200. Epub 2006 Sep 12.
2006 Nov 24 degradation 3 1 CBM32
PUL0363 enzyme activity assay pectin Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris 17311090
Plant carbohydrate scavenging through tonB-dependent receptors: a feature shared by phytopathogenic and aquatic bacteria. PLoS One. 2007 Feb 21;2(2):e224. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000224.
2007 Feb 21 degradation 3 1 CE8, PL10, PL10_1
PUL0364 enzyme activity assay xylan Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris 17311090
Plant carbohydrate scavenging through tonB-dependent receptors: a feature shared by phytopathogenic and aquatic bacteria. PLoS One. 2007 Feb 21;2(2):e224. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0000224.
2007 Feb 21 degradation 8 4 CBM22, GH10, GH2, GH10, GH43_1
PUL0391 microarray cellulose, xylan, xyloglucan, pectin, mannan Caldicellulosiruptor bescii 21227922
Insights into plant biomass conversion from the genome of the anaerobic thermophilic bacterium Caldicellulosiruptor bescii DSM 6725. Nucleic Acids Res. 2011 Apr;39(8):3240-54. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkq1281. Epub 2011 Jan 11.
2011 Apr degradation 15 10 PL11, CBM35, GH12, CBM3, CBM2, CE12, PL3_1, PL3, CBM66, PL9_1, CBM35, CBM66, PL9, CBM22, GH12, CBM0, CBM3, CBM2, CBM1, GH48, GH10, CBM9, GH44, CBM35, GH12, CBM44, CBM3, CBM2, CBM76, CBM10, GH5, GH5_8, CBM35, GH12, CBM5, CBM3, CBM2, GH74, CBM1, GH48, GT39, CBM3, GH9, GH5_8, CBM3, GH5_1, GH5_8, CBM3, GH48, GH9
PUL0392 RT-PCR, qPCR xylan Bacteroides xylanisolvens 27142817
Xylan degradation by the human gut Bacteroides xylanisolvens XB1A(T) involves two distinct gene clusters that are linked at the transcriptional level. BMC Genomics. 2016 May 4;17:326. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2680-8.
2016 May 4 degradation 8 3 GH67, GH13_14
PUL0395 isothermal calorimetric titration, electrophoretic mobility shift assay, Northern Blot arabinose, arabinan Geobacillus stearothermophilus 21460081
The L-Arabinan utilization system of Geobacillus stearothermophilus. J Bacteriol. 2011 Jun;193(11):2838-50. doi: 10.1128/JB.00222-11. Epub 2011 Apr 1.
2011 Jun degradation 25 5 GH43, GH43_5, GH43, GH43_4, CBM54, GH51, GH51, GH127
PUL0402 Northern Blot, enzyme activity assay xylan, xylose Lactococcus lactis subsp. lactis IO-1 11282589
Genetic evidence for a defective xylan degradation pathway in Lactococcus lactis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2001 Apr;67(4):1445-52. doi: 10.1128/AEM.67.4.1445-1452.2001.
2001 Apr degradation 6 1 GH43_11, GH43
PUL0404 RNA-Seq pectin Alteromonas macleodii 30116038
Biphasic cellular adaptations and ecological implications of Alteromonas macleodii degrading a mixture of algal polysaccharides. ISME J. 2019 Jan;13(1):92-103. doi: 10.1038/s41396-018-0252-4. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
2019 Jan degradation 18 4 CE12, GH105, GH28, CE8
PUL0405 RNA-Seq pectin Alteromonas macleodii 30116038
Biphasic cellular adaptations and ecological implications of Alteromonas macleodii degrading a mixture of algal polysaccharides. ISME J. 2019 Jan;13(1):92-103. doi: 10.1038/s41396-018-0252-4. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
2019 Jan degradation 4 2 PL1, PL1_2, PL1_5, CE8
PUL0411 enzyme activity assay xylan Prevotella bryantii 7487028
A xylan hydrolase gene cluster in Prevotella ruminicola B(1)4: sequence relationships, synergistic interactions, and oxygen sensitivity of a novel enzyme with exoxylanase and beta-(1,4)-xylosidase activities. Appl Environ Microbiol. 1995 Aug;61(8):2958-64. doi: 10.1128/aem.61.8.2958-2964.1995.
1995 Aug degradation 2 2 GH10, GH43_1
PUL0414 enzyme activity assay, thin layer chromatography xylan uncultured bacterium 35A20 30116044
Functional metagenomics reveals abundant polysaccharide-degrading gene clusters and cellobiose utilization pathways within gut microbiota of a wood-feeding higher termite. ISME J. 2019 Jan;13(1):104-117. doi: 10.1038/s41396-018-0255-1. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
2019 Jan degradation 28 7 GH10, GH10
PUL0415 microarray xylan, glucomannan, plant polysaccharide Bacteroides ovatus 22205877
Recognition and degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by two human gut symbionts. PLoS Biol. 2011 Dec;9(12):e1001221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001221. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
2011 Dec degradation 4 2 GH20, GH20
PUL0456 microarray, RNA-Seq xylan Prevotella bryantii 20622018
Transcriptomic analyses of xylan degradation by Prevotella bryantii and insights into energy acquisition by xylanolytic bacteroidetes. J Biol Chem. 2010 Sep 24;285(39):30261-73. doi: 10.1074/jbc.M110.141788. Epub 2010 Jul 9.
2010 Sep 24 degradation 13 6 CE6, GH43_10, GH43, GH43_1, GH43, GH10, GH67
PUL0466 clone and expression, enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot arabinan Bacillus subtilis 14973026
Transcriptional regulation of genes encoding arabinan-degrading enzymes in Bacillus subtilis. J Bacteriol. 2004 Mar;186(5):1287-96. doi: 10.1128/JB.186.5.1287-1296.2004.
2004 Mar degradation 9 1 GH51
PUL0474 growth assay beta-glucan, xylan Flavobacterium johnsoniae 19717629
Novel features of the polysaccharide-digesting gliding bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae as revealed by genome sequence analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Nov;75(21):6864-75. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01495-09. Epub 2009 Aug 28.
2009 Nov degradation 9 5 GH30_1, GH30, GH30_1, GH30, GH3, GH30_3, GH3
PUL0476 growth assay hemicellulose, pectin Flavobacterium johnsoniae 19717629
Novel features of the polysaccharide-digesting gliding bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae as revealed by genome sequence analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Nov;75(21):6864-75. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01495-09. Epub 2009 Aug 28.
2009 Nov degradation 11 6 GH5, GH5_13, GH43_18, GH2, GH43, GH43_26, GH43_31, GH29, CBM32
PUL0479 growth assay pectin Flavobacterium johnsoniae 19717629
Novel features of the polysaccharide-digesting gliding bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae as revealed by genome sequence analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Nov;75(21):6864-75. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01495-09. Epub 2009 Aug 28.
2009 Nov degradation 20 12 GH43, GH43_34, GH43_19, GH27, GH2, GH95, GH51, GH28, GH28, GH2, GH92, GH92, GH89
PUL0482 growth assay pectin Flavobacterium johnsoniae 19717629
Novel features of the polysaccharide-digesting gliding bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae as revealed by genome sequence analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Nov;75(21):6864-75. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01495-09. Epub 2009 Aug 28.
2009 Nov degradation 27 17 GH78, CBM67, GH142, GH95, GH78, CBM67, GH143, GH43_18, GH43, GH28, GH140, PL1, CE8, PL1_2, PL1, CE8, PL1_2, CE8, GH127, PL1, PL1_2, GH139, GH106, GH2, GH137, GH78
PUL0483 growth assay pectin Flavobacterium johnsoniae 19717629
Novel features of the polysaccharide-digesting gliding bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae as revealed by genome sequence analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Nov;75(21):6864-75. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01495-09. Epub 2009 Aug 28.
2009 Nov degradation 12 5 GH2, CE12, CE4, GH28, GH117, GH106, GH105
PUL0484 growth assay pectin Flavobacterium johnsoniae 19717629
Novel features of the polysaccharide-digesting gliding bacterium Flavobacterium johnsoniae as revealed by genome sequence analysis. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2009 Nov;75(21):6864-75. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01495-09. Epub 2009 Aug 28.
2009 Nov degradation 12 8 CE12, GH28, PL10, CE8, PL10_1, GH43_10, GH43, GH105, GH105, GH105, GH28
PUL0530 microarray, qPCR rhamnogalacturonan Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 22205877
Recognition and degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by two human gut symbionts. PLoS Biol. 2011 Dec;9(12):e1001221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001221. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
2011 Dec degradation 54 21 PL1, CE8, PL1_2, GH2, GH139, GH106, GH2, GH2, GH137, GH2, CBM57, GH138, GH78, GH141, GH127, GH95, GH105, GH140, GH78, GH33, CBM67, GH28, GH78, CBM67, GH143, GH142, GH43_18, GH43, PL1, CE8, PL1_2
PUL0532 RNA-Seq arabinan, pectin Bacteroides cellulosilyticus 23976882
Effects of diet on resource utilization by a model human gut microbiota containing Bacteroides cellulosilyticus WH2, a symbiont with an extensive glycobiome. PLoS Biol. 2013;11(8):e1001637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001637. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
2013 degradation 17 5 GH51, GH43_4, GH43, GH43_4, GH43, GH146, GH51
PUL0533 RNA-Seq xylan, arabinoxylan Bacteroides cellulosilyticus 23976882
Effects of diet on resource utilization by a model human gut microbiota containing Bacteroides cellulosilyticus WH2, a symbiont with an extensive glycobiome. PLoS Biol. 2013;11(8):e1001637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001637. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
2013 degradation 9 3 GH115, GH10, GH30_8
PUL0534 RNA-Seq pectin Bacteroides cellulosilyticus 23976882
Effects of diet on resource utilization by a model human gut microbiota containing Bacteroides cellulosilyticus WH2, a symbiont with an extensive glycobiome. PLoS Biol. 2013;11(8):e1001637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001637. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
2013 degradation 9 5 GH133, GH0, GH13, GH13_10, GH2, GH53, GH147
PUL0542 substrate binding assay xylan Geobacillus stearothermophilus 10368143
The glucuronic acid utilization gene cluster from Bacillus stearothermophilus T-6. J Bacteriol. 1999 Jun;181(12):3695-704. doi: 10.1128/JB.181.12.3695-3704.1999.
1999 Jun degradation 30 6 CE4, GH52, GH10, GH67, GH39, GH43_11
PUL0545 RNA-Seq arabinan Bacteroides cellulosilyticus 23976882
Effects of diet on resource utilization by a model human gut microbiota containing Bacteroides cellulosilyticus WH2, a symbiont with an extensive glycobiome. PLoS Biol. 2013;11(8):e1001637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001637. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
2013 degradation 10 5 GH43_2, CBM6, GH43, GH3, GH43_17, GH9, GH43_7, CBM13, CE1
PUL0552 RNA-Seq arabinan Bacteroides cellulosilyticus 23976882
Effects of diet on resource utilization by a model human gut microbiota containing Bacteroides cellulosilyticus WH2, a symbiont with an extensive glycobiome. PLoS Biol. 2013;11(8):e1001637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001637. Epub 2013 Aug 20.
2013 degradation 7 4 PL1_2, CE8, PL1, GH43_18, GH43, GH142, GH143, GH78, CBM67
PUL0553 RT-PCR, qPCR xylan Bacteroides xylanisolvens 27142817
Xylan degradation by the human gut Bacteroides xylanisolvens XB1A(T) involves two distinct gene clusters that are linked at the transcriptional level. BMC Genomics. 2016 May 4;17:326. doi: 10.1186/s12864-016-2680-8.
2016 May 4 degradation 21 13 GH43_10, GH43, CBM6, GH3, GH43, GH43_12, GH31, GH97, CBM66, CBM6, GH43, GH43_29, GH43, GH43_12, CBM4, CBM0, GH10, GH5_21, CE1, CE6, CBM6, GH43_29, GH95, GH115
PUL0558 gene deletion mutant and growth assay, growth assay, enzyme activity assay rhamnogalacturonan Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 28329766
Complex pectin metabolism by gut bacteria reveals novel catalytic functions. Nature. 2017 Apr 6;544(7648):65-70. doi: 10.1038/nature21725. Epub 2017 Mar 22.
2017 Apr 6 degradation 50 20 GH2, GH139, GH106, GH2, GH2, GH2, CBM57, GH137, GH138, GH78, GH141, GH127, GH95, GH105, GH140, CBM67, GH33, GH78, GH28, CBM67, GH78, GH142, GH143, GH43_18, GH43, CE8, PL1_2, PL1
PUL0559 gene deletion mutant and growth assay, growth assay, enzyme activity assay rhamnogalacturonan Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 28329766
Complex pectin metabolism by gut bacteria reveals novel catalytic functions. Nature. 2017 Apr 6;544(7648):65-70. doi: 10.1038/nature21725. Epub 2017 Mar 22.
2017 Apr 6 degradation 12 5 CBM32, GH43_34, GH43_10, GH97, GH29
PUL0562 microarray, qPCR host glycan, rhamnogalacturonan Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 18996345, 22205877
Mucosal glycan foraging enhances fitness and transmission of a saccharolytic human gut bacterial symbiont. Recognition and degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by two human gut symbionts. Cell Host Microbe. 2008 Nov 13;4(5):447-57. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2008.09.007. PLoS Biol. 2011 Dec;9(12):e1001221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001221. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
2008 Nov 13,2011 Dec degradation 11 4 CBM32, GH43_34, GH43_10, GH97, GH29
PUL0564 microarray, qPCR rhamnogalacturonan Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron 18996345, 22205877
Mucosal glycan foraging enhances fitness and transmission of a saccharolytic human gut bacterial symbiont. Recognition and degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by two human gut symbionts. Cell Host Microbe. 2008 Nov 13;4(5):447-57. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2008.09.007. PLoS Biol. 2011 Dec;9(12):e1001221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001221. Epub 2011 Dec 20.
2008 Nov 13,2011 Dec degradation 39 23 GH106, GH28, GH28, CE12, GH2, GH43, GH43_18, GH42, GH28, CE4, CE0, GH28, GH2, GH27, CBM35, GH35, PL9, PL9_1, PL26, CE12, GH105, PL11, PL11_1, GH105, CE4, CE0, CE6, GH2, PL9_1
PUL0566 microarray, qPCR pectin Bacteroides ovatus 22205877, 29255254
Recognition and degradation of plant cell wall polysaccharides by two human gut symbionts. Dietary pectic glycans are degraded by coordinated enzyme pathways in human colonic Bacteroides. PLoS Biol. 2011 Dec;9(12):e1001221. doi: 10.1371/journal.pbio.1001221. Epub 2011 Dec 20. Nat Microbiol. 2018 Feb;3(2):210-219. doi: 10.1038/s41564-017-0079-1. Epub 2017 Dec 18.
2011 Dec,2018 Feb degradation 7 3 GH2, GH53, GH147
PUL0569 clone and expression, enzyme activity assay, Northern Blot levan Bacillus subtilis 11739774
yveB, Encoding endolevanase LevB, is part of the sacB-yveB-yveA levansucrase tricistronic operon in Bacillus subtilis. Microbiology (Reading). 2001 Dec;147(Pt 12):3413-9. doi: 10.1099/00221287-147-12-3413.
2001 Dec degradation 3 1 GH68, GH32
PUL0587 RT-PCR, enzyme activity assay levan, inulin, fructan Prevotella intermedia 23266804
Identification and functional analysis of the gene cluster for fructan utilization in Prevotella intermedia. Gene. 2013 Feb 25;515(2):291-7. doi: 10.1016/j.gene.2012.12.023. Epub 2012 Dec 22.
2013 Feb 25 degradation 3 1 GH32
PUL0599 liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, differential gene expression xylan Clostridium cellulovorans 26020016
Elucidation of the recognition mechanisms for hemicellulose and pectin in Clostridium cellulovorans using intracellular quantitative proteome analysis. AMB Express. 2015 May 23;5:29. doi: 10.1186/s13568-015-0115-6. eCollection 2015.
2015 degradation 7 1 GH43, GH43_11
PUL0601 liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry, differential gene expression pectin Clostridium cellulovorans 26020016
Elucidation of the recognition mechanisms for hemicellulose and pectin in Clostridium cellulovorans using intracellular quantitative proteome analysis. AMB Express. 2015 May 23;5:29. doi: 10.1186/s13568-015-0115-6. eCollection 2015.
2015 degradation 15 1 GH28, GH105
PUL0602 sequence homology analysis xylan Parageobacillus thermoglucosidasius 26442136
Complete genome sequence of Geobacillus thermoglucosidasius C56-YS93, a novel biomass degrader isolated from obsidian hot spring in Yellowstone National Park. Stand Genomic Sci. 2015 Oct 5;10:73. doi: 10.1186/s40793-015-0031-z. eCollection 2015.
2015 degradation 26 6 CBM22, GH10, GH39, GH67, GH10, GH52, CE4
PUL0610 enzyme activity assay, strcutural analysis xylan Rhodothermus marinus 31992772
Characterization and diversity of the complete set of GH family 3 enzymes from Rhodothermus marinus DSM 4253. Sci Rep. 2020 Jan 28;10(1):1329. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-58015-5.
2020 Jan 28 degradation 14 6 GH43_15, CBM6, GH10, CBM4, 3.2.1.8, GH10, GH67, GH3, GH3
PUL0614 RNA-Seq pectin Prevotella sp. PINT 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 3 1 CBM6, PL1, CE8, PL1_2
PUL0615 RNA-Seq pectin Prevotella sp. PINT 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 7 1 GH28
PUL0616 RNA-Seq pectin Prevotella sp. PINT 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 9 1 PL1_2
PUL0617 RNA-Seq xylan Prevotella sp. PINT 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 14 6 GH67, GH10, GH43, GH43_1, GH43_35, GH43, GH5_21, GH5, GH10, CBM0, CBM4, 3.2.1.8
PUL0618 RNA-Seq pectin Prevotella sp. PINT 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 6 2 GH36, PL1, CBM77
PUL0619 RNA-Seq xylan Prevotella sp. PROD 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 5 1 GH35, CBM32
PUL0620 RNA-Seq xylan Prevotella sp. PROD 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 10 2 GH128, GH51, GH43_19
PUL0621 RNA-Seq pectin Prevotella sp. PROD 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 8 4 3.2.1.37, GH3, CBM6, GH57, GT4, GH133
PUL0622 RNA-Seq xylan Prevotella sp. PROD 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 15 5 CBM35, CBM2, PL11_1, PL11, GH3, 3.2.1.55, CBM6, 3.2.1.37, GH43_7, CBM13, GH43, PL11_1, CBM35, CE12, PL11, CBM2, GH2
PUL0623 RNA-Seq pectin Prevotella sp. PMUR 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 15 1 CBM6, GH3, 3.2.1.37
PUL0624 RNA-Seq xylan Prevotella sp. PMUR 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 11 3 CBM13, GH43, GH43_24, GH43_19, GH51, GH128
PUL0625 RNA-Seq xylan Prevotella sp. PMUR 33113351
Distinct Polysaccharide Utilization Determines Interspecies Competition between Intestinal Prevotella spp. Cell Host Microbe. 2020 Dec 9;28(6):838-852.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.chom.2020.09.012. Epub 2020 Oct 27.
2020 Dec 9 degradation 18 9 GH43_12, GH43, GH115, GH43, GH43_10, GH97, CBM6, GH43_29, GH43, CBM22, CE1, CBM48, CBM51, CBM32, GH95, CBM13, GH115, GH30_8
PUL0626 high performance anion exchange chromatography arabinan Lactobacillus crispatus DSM29598 33119797
Characterization of two extracellular arabinanases in Lactobacillus crispatus. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2020 Dec;104(23):10091-10103. doi: 10.1007/s00253-020-10979-0. Epub 2020 Oct 29.
2020 Dec degradation 24 8 GH43, CBM54, GH43_4, GH2, GH43, GH43_4, GH127, GH51, GH43, CBM42, GH43_26, GH51, GH27, CBM51
PUL0630 enzyme activity assay, affinity gel electrophoresis xylan termite gut metagenome 33187992
Multimodularity of a GH10 Xylanase Found in the Termite Gut Metagenome. Appl Environ Microbiol. 2021 Jan 15;87(3):e01714-20. doi: 10.1128/AEM.01714-20. Print 2021 Jan 15.
2021 Jan 15 degradation 9 5 GH10, CBM4, CBM0, 3.2.1.8, GH115, GH11, CBM6, CBM36, CBM0, 3.2.1.8, GH10, CBM9, CBM22, GH43, GH43_1
PUL0665 UHPLC-MS, RNA-seq, RT-qPCR pectin Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482 34420703
Discrete genetic loci in human gut Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron confer pectin metabolism. Carbohydr Polym. 2021 Nov 15;272:118534. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118534. Epub 2021 Aug 6.
2021 Nov 15 degradation 7 1 GH30
PUL0666 UHPLC-MS, RNA-seq, RT-qPCR pectin Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482 34420703
Discrete genetic loci in human gut Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron confer pectin metabolism. Carbohydr Polym. 2021 Nov 15;272:118534. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118534. Epub 2021 Aug 6.
2021 Nov 15 degradation 5 4 GH35, GH43, GH51
PUL0667 UHPLC-MS, RNA-seq, RT-qPCR pectin Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482 34420703
Discrete genetic loci in human gut Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron confer pectin metabolism. Carbohydr Polym. 2021 Nov 15;272:118534. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118534. Epub 2021 Aug 6.
2021 Nov 15 degradation 4 0 NA
PUL0668 UHPLC-MS, RNA-seq, RT-qPCR pectin Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron VPI-5482 34420703
Discrete genetic loci in human gut Bacteroides thetaiotaomicron confer pectin metabolism. Carbohydr Polym. 2021 Nov 15;272:118534. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2021.118534. Epub 2021 Aug 6.
2021 Nov 15 degradation 17 8 GH43, GH28, PL9, PL26, CE12, GH105
PUL0669 clone, high performance anion exchange chromatography, enzymatic product analysis xylan Bacteroides eggerthii 1_2_48FAA 34480044
Characterization of a novel multidomain CE15-GH8 enzyme encoded by a polysaccharide utilization locus in the human gut bacterium Bacteroides eggerthii. Sci Rep. 2021 Sep 3;11(1):17662. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-96659-z.
2021 Sep 3 degradation 24 12 CE15, GH8, GH95, GH43